Next, you will be prompted to add an (optional) passphrase. f is to define a filename, and creating a key with a descriptive name will help you remember which key is used for which user/remote 2. C is for adding a comment, it can be anything but it will be helpful to know the email associated with your account Generate an SSH key ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C -f ~/.ssh/ĮD25519 are recommended for security and performance, but RSA with a sufficient length is also a valid alternative: ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C -f ~/.ssh/ Let’s start from the beginning, generating a new key pair for your personal account: 1. The problem is now to manage safely multiple SSH keys and make sure you always use the appropriate one. Now that you understand the basics of SSH, there is one simple rule to follow: one SSH keypair = one Git config You can learn more about the protocol here. Instead, it is only used as a final step to authenticate the client before starting a session. Note that the SSH protocol uses a mix of asymmetric and symmetric encryption as well as hashing, and the former is not used to encrypt the entire SSH session. The strength of the entire connection lies in the fact that the private key is never revealed, as it is the only component capable of decrypting messages that were encrypted using its own public key. It is used to encrypt messages that can only be decrypted by its private counterpart.įor the connection to be secured, it is essential that the private key remains secret. The public key, as the name suggests, is openly distributed and shared with all parties. When you hear about an SSH key, most of the time it’s a shortcut to refer to an SSH key pair, composed of a public and a private key, which are cryptographically linked. On the other hand, SSH is safer and, when set up correctly (which will be once you follow this guide), you can completely forget about it! A quick reminder on how it works Git does not cache the user's credentials by default, so with HTTPS, you need to re-enter them each time you perform a clone, push, or pull. Most VCS support authentication with SSH or HTTPS: to make things easier, always prefer using SSH where possible. If you want an awesome cheat sheet for rewriting the Git history, check it out! First things first: SSH or HTTPS? You think that you are git push ing your work with your pro account (by the way, secrets should never enter any repo), while you're actually using your personal one.įurthermore, any Git repo has a memory that is not easy to rewrite (that’s a feature!). But the sheer scale of the phenomena hints at something else: we are convinced that most of this happens because error is human and misconfiguring Git is easy. Of course, we cannot discard malicious behaviors, which include corporate resources hijacking and other shady motives. Multiple hypotheses can explain why this happens. One key insight from our State of Secrets Sprawl 2021 is that 85% of all the secrets we catch by live monitoring GitHub are exposed through developers’ personal repositories, and a large share of them are in fact corporate secrets. Take a look at the cheat sheet below! (you can also bookmark or share it) Want to set up this straight once and for all? We have you covered! This is where you realize it’s essential to know how to manage multiple Git configs on the same machine safely. The first thing you do is to rush to get your own GitHub SSH key and install it so you can still work on your hobby project.Ī bit later that day, you are finally able to login to your organization repository and you now need to install this key as well to be able to start working. Let’s imagine a scenario: you’ve just joined a new company, it’s your first day and you need to set up your new machine. Not using these? Don't worry, you can still make great use of this cheat sheet to level up your. FTP might allow for anonymous log-ins, but it’s better to authenticate using a username and password.Disclaimer: although the title mentions GitHub, this cheat sheet is also applicable for the other major VCS platforms such as Gitlab and Bitbucket. You will need a FTP/SFTP username and password to log into the server. Logging into the remote server is pretty straightforward. ![]() But keep in mind that FTP is generally not considered secure, so be careful. If you don’t have SSH access, you can contact your hosting provider, or you can use FTP. Note: To use SFTP, you will need to have SSH access enabled on your server. using the macOS’ Terminal, instead of a third party FTP client. ![]() I will be telling you how you can accomplish basic FTP/SFTP tasks such as uploading/downloading files, renaming, moving, deleting etc. For the purpose of illustration, I’m using a test server with Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP installed on it, with SSH access enabled. In this article I will be detailing how you can use the Terminal (Mac) as an FTP or SFTP client, to do a variety of tasks on remote servers.
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